Thin Slice Judgments: The Social Bias That Haunts Autism
About Spectroomz - We Help Neurodivergents folks Get Qualified To More Work From Home Jobs. 
By: Vanessa Blanchard
This article is part of an ongoing series where we define various important terms in the Autistic community. You can find the original longform article that started this series here.
It seems like it’s maybe kind of hard to like me, which is tough, because I feel like I’m pretty cool. Yet people seem to struggle with me. It feels like they take me the wrong way, or assume the worst about me or my intentions. I always felt at least a little like an outsider, while everyone else was fully allowed. For years, I felt super alone in this, but then I found out I was Autistic. The commonality of this experience among Autistics is shocking. In trying to learn more, I found this study, which talks about the role of thin slice judgments as an autism-specific form of implicit social bias.
It seems like very important information that every Autistic person should know. Because it haunts your life whether you know it or not. But knowing empowers you to cope better.
What are thin slice judgments?
Thin slice judgments are social assessments that are made in a split second. They are formed from nonverbal cues: facial expressions, posture, gestures, etc. When these judgments are applied to Autistic people, it results in our marginalization -- usually quite quickly.
Thin Slice Judgments in Autism
This is where the study comes in. Researchers from the University of Texas in Dallas found that non-Autistic people formed these thin slice judgments in response to signs of autism spotted during nonverbal communication. A couple patterns were found:
The non-Autistic person made lasting negative assessments of the Autistic person very quickly, usually upon introduction.
Their thin slice judgments were not changed by repeated interaction with the Autistic person.
They preferred to cut contact with the Autistic person entirely.
The study goes on to point out a key distinction: Most of the time, stereotyped assumptions are changed through meaningful contact with the other person. However, non-Autistic people tended to deny the Autistic person a chance for meaningful interactions.
To be clear: Research shows that non-Autistic people judge Autistic people harshly based on very little information and then remove that Autistic person from their lives rather than learn more. It was found to be a pervasive problem.
Kind of makes you think, doesn’t it? Like, aren’t social deficits listed as a core trait of autism? Let’s briefly explore that.
Want to see how thin slice judgments affect Autistic people at work? Check out our Complete Guide to Autistic Employment Statistics
Social Deficits in Autism?
Most research and medical definitions of autism include the phrase, “social deficits.” However, Autistic people report en masse that they break themselves to pieces trying to “get it right” in social settings.
The truth is, communication is a give and take kind of thing. Both research and anecdotal evidence indicate that non-Autistic people aren’t reciprocating efforts. Rather, they’re moving to marginalize Autistic people based on almost no information.
No, it’s more than that. Non-Autistic people are harshly judging Autistics based on a rejection of the information available to them.
This same paper asserts that the problem is best solved with non-Autistic acceptance of autism. It’s wasteful and unfair to insist on teaching Autistic people social skills and on pressuring them to “manage external impressions” of them.
Autistic people report in droves about the high cost of that impression management. So, let’s look now at what being left alone to fend off thin slice judgments does to a person.
The Role of Autistic Masking
Autistics have told countless stories of the moment the vibe in the room shifts against them. We speak of trying to change ourselves to fit in, to do better next time. We can often tell when we’re on the way out of a friend group or a job. When we try to advocate for ourselves, we’re often gaslighted or labeled as difficult. And to be honest, these people sometimes even mean well, but they never seem to trust our perspectives. Instead, they insist we shift ours to one that’s more...agreeable?
And this is where masking comes in. Masking is the impression management that doesn’t work. Autistic people are taught to suppress and change core aspects of their thinking, communication, values, perceptions, and behaviors so that others won’t judge us in some immovable way. It’s too much!
We have to act non-Autistic so that non-Autistic people never, ever spot autism in us. Yet, how we communicate, how we think, these are who we are. Autistic masking is an attempt to change our core selves to outrun thin slice judgments.
The Good News
Learning about thin slice judgments, their specific application to autism, and their common place in autistic lives is pretty grim at first. But there are a few reasons why this information is empowering to Autistic peope.
First, the study also found that the thin slice bias could be reduced with a bit of education about autistic communication. Making people aware of the bias and providing context into Autistic non verbal styles helped them reframe their social expectations.
For me, finding out about this made me feel less unlikable. A ubiquitous social bias can’t possibly be actually personal to me, especially one based on micro facial expressions. There’s literally no reliable personal information conveyed with such small pieces of an overall picture.
Another thing it did is give me a more concrete awareness and a vocabulary that helps me determine what’s happening during social interactions. I can advocate for myself better in these moments. I can choose social strategies that consider this dynamic.
I’m not as angry at people as I was, either. It’s still exhausting sometimes to have to gently educate people, but I view them more as uninformed than I view them as malicious. I have more sympathy, feel less personally rejected, and can sometimes turn situations around in my favor. (I think the key here is confidence in what I know and in who I am, aka Autistic).
Not everyone making thin slice judgements about autism are acting in good faith. But a lot of people are willing to take on small pieces of information if it makes social interactions go more smoothly.
TLDR: What are Thin Slice Judgments?
Research shows that non-autistic people form thin slice judgments against Autistic people based on nonverbal cues. These social biases form quickly, are persistent, and result in marginalization of Autistic folks. Knowing about thin slice judgments as a social bias allows Autistic people a more strategic, less emotionally expensive approach to navigating social situations. It can still sting to be rejected based on nothing, but it’s easier to navigate -- and there’s more hope for successful outcomes -- if you have the vocabulary and awareness you need to keep a clear head.
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How to Find a Job When You’re Autistic
What is Autism?
About Spectroomz - We Help Neurodivergents folks Get Qualified To More Work From Home Jobs. 
By: Vanessa Blanchard
This article is part of an ongoing series where we define various important terms in the Autistic community. You can find the original longform article that started this series here.
Autism and Autism Spectrum Disorder
Autism, sometimes known as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), is a neurological condition (or configuration) that impacts areas of a person’s life in many ways:
You may develop at a different pace than your peers. Likewise, your development might seem “uneven” with some skills developing very quickly and others lagging behind.
You may struggle with motor skills, coordination, and speech development. These struggles may increase or decrease based on your mental and physical health.
You may have strong interests, specializing in a few topics very deeply over long periods of time
You may find social interactions are uneven with others (especially non-autistic folks) and that people seem to treat you worse than your peers
You may be sensitive to certain stimulation: lights, sounds, textures, temperature changes, etc
You may get very overwhelmed during uncertain times, during changes in plans, or during transitions
You may struggle to master areas of life that others seem to find easy
You may find that you are criticized more than your peers and that others make assumptions about you that aren’t accurate to your intentions, experiences, or efforts.
You may find that you are prone to long periods of increased anxiety and depression
You may experience losses in skills and executive functioning during these extended periods
You may have been misdiagnosed in the past with other issues, such as bipolar disorder, borderline personality disorder, depression/anxiety, and more.
You may have already been accurately diagnosed with ADHD, OCD, PTSD, complex PTSD, etc
There are many, many more traits commonly associated with Autism, and every Autistic person is different. These are just a few key characteristics that can help establish understanding.
Autistic? Our praised training courses can help you find a job or start a business.
What is Autism Spectrum Disorder?
Autism Spectrum Disorder is the diagnostic label that’s currently in the DSM V. This is what you’ll most likely be diagnosed with if you live in the U.S.
A lot of Autistic people find the term “disorder” to be a misrepresentation of Autism though. To help explain why, let’s look at the medical and social models of disability.
The Medical Model of Disability
The medical model of disability is the assumption that a person is disabled by their differences. Disability is seen as something temporary, something to be cured or changed.
With autism, this model becomes downright cruel, both in its classifications of autism and in its treatment of Autistic people. Our traits become symptoms that cause discomfort for others. We’re viewed as a collection of deficits and bad behaviors that must be corrected.
Viewing disability as temporary erases those with lifelong conditions. With autism, for example, you find that the support you receive is not only temporary, it’s usually harmful. Medical professionals prescribe a treatment called Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) that’s historically tied to conversion therapy. It literally seeks to “train” children to be non-Autistic.
Because Autism is lifelong and neurological in nature, many Autistics see it as who we are rather than a disorder that we have. If you cured autism, we wouldn’t be the same person but better. We’d be fundamentally different in every way. A cure for autism is seen as eugenics by many.
But, there’s no mistaking that aspects of autism are very disabling, which brings us to the other framing of disability.
The Social Model of Disability
The Social Model of Disability asserts that the structure of society is what creates the disability, rather than individual differences. It acknowledges the ever-present, ever-changing nature of chronic issues and points to societal barriers as the disabling factor.
These barriers are evidenced in the ways we vilify those who need accommodations, the ways we marginalize those who can’t “keep up,” the ways we assume that needing help is immoral and should only be temporary. Our hyper-individualism, our strict social rules about attendance, work ethic, dress codes, etc all create barriers to inclusion and thriving. There are countless ways that disabled people are forced out of communities, employment, medical care, and more.
The social model of disability claims that people wouldn’t struggle in the same ways if society was structured better. It doesn’t discount the need for ongoing support or medical care. It merely states that seeking to change or cure chronic issues is less realistic than adjusting society to accommodate the many different ways a person can exist.
What Causes Autism?
The strongest research and anecdotal evidence points to genetics being a major source of autism. It is possible that there are some environmental triggers that might cause autism. However, so much of this research has been heavily flawed.
Examples of ridiculous things research has said could cause autism include:
Mean mothers
Vaccines
Milk
Tylenol
The community is largely moving towards the idea that autism is a neurotype, one that has always existed and always will. We acknowledge that many disabilities may be inherent to this neurotype, but our existence is rad and it’s fine to be Autistic.
Opinions in any community will -- and should -- vary. But for most of us, the reality is that autism isn’t just lifelong, it is our personhood.
Learn more with our article: 10 Autistic Terms Explained
Am I Autistic?
If you think you might be Autistic, your first step might be to read as much as you can about other Autistic experiences. There are many articles in our blog, but you can find tons of books about Autism by some very talented folks. Here are a few examples:
The New Normal: Autistic musings on the threat of a broken society by David Gray-Hammond
How Can I Talk If My Lips Don't Move?: Inside My Autistic Mind by Tito Rajarshi Mukhopadhyay
Funny, You Don't Look Autistic: A Comedian's Guide to Life on the Spectrum by Michael McCreary
Learn More About Autistic Experiences at Work:
Should I Disclose My Autism to My Employer?
You can also find content creators on YouTube and TikTok. Keep in mind that not all information is equal, and not everyone who talks about autism is acting in good faith. That being said, there are a lot of people out there working hard to get good information out.
To get you started, here’s a video that helped me tremendously when I was first asking, “Am I Autistic?” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H8hHGIJKf3o
ADHD Accommodations for Work
About Spectroomz - We Help Neurodivergents folks Get Qualified To More Work From Home Jobs. 
By: Vanessa Blanchard
ADHD can be pretty disruptive. It’s often hard to focus and easy to burnout, especially at work. But there are many accommodations that you can easily implement into your day that can help. Because dysregulation is such a core part of ADHD, it can be hard to know what accommodations will work and how to ask for them. This quick guide can help. We’ll discuss what ADHD is, what accommodations might help, and what strategies you can use to ask your job for them.
What workplace accommodations work best for your ADHD? Comment below!
What is ADHD?
ADHD is a neurological condition that causes dysregulation in many areas of life: focus, memory, energy, emotions, planning, organizing, starting, finishing, and other executive functions. Because it is deeply interwoven into the very structure of our brains, ADHD presents differently in each person. Symptoms will also shift and vary within the same person based on a number of factors. Fluctuation and dysregulation are key to understanding what ADHD actually is.
Check out What is ADHD to learn more!
What accommodations can I get for ADHD at work?
There are a range of ways to cope with ADHD and you’ll need to find what works for you. You’ll also need to find accommodations that are protected by the disability laws in your area. Here are two ways to find out what accommodations you can get at work for ADHD:
Read up on disability laws where you live. In the U.S., you can start with the Americans with Disabilities Act. There’s the Equality Act in the UK, the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act in India, and the Accessible Canada Act. Other countries may have similar laws
Research common ADHD accommodations for work and pick the ones that work best for you and that best satisfy the legal definitions in your country.
To get you started, here are a few types of accommodations you might need to manage your ADHD at work:
Energy regulation: Movement breaks, standing desks, fidget toys, gym membership, chances to socialize, etc
Attention/emotional regulation: noise canceling, white noise, body doubling, fidgets, mindfulness apps, flexible hours, flexible workspace options (i.e. remote and coworking options), written reference materials (instructions, notes, training), decompression time, etc
Executive Functioning regulation: visual planning aids, mentorship, consistent feedback and check-ins, health insurance (i.e. for ADHD meds), decompression time, mindfulness apps, etc
Notice that in the list above some of the suggested work accommodations are repeated. This is because many accommodations meet the needs of multiple ADHD symptoms. Keep this in mind as we move on to discuss how you can ask current or future employers for ADHD accommodations.
Ever wonder if it’s both ADHD and Autism? It might be! Learn more here:
AuDHD Explained: Navigating the Autism and ADHD Overlap
How to ask for ADHD accommodations at work?
Figuring out how to ask for ADHD accommodations at work can be somewhat tricky. There are a lot of stigmas attached to ADHD and legal protections come with huge loopholes and little actual oversight. However, there are a few strategies you can use to make the process go more smoothly:
Before you ask for accommodations, outline your needs and know which accommodations you need to meet those needs.
Do your best to boil your requests down to their easiest, most digestible forms (examples below)
Present your requests as solutions rather than as problems.
Record everything for reference: your requests, their responses, if/how things were implemented, if/how that worked out for you.
Most people enjoy feeling like they’ve helped another person. So striking a balance in how you ask for and offer help means you can frame your requests to create a sense of connection and reciprocity. People also prefer solutions rather than problems, and this approach will show you’re resilient, creative, growth-minded, optimistic, and self-motivated.
Here are a couple examples of requests you can make that incorporate these strategies:
It would be helpful for me to have certain tools [fidgets, noise canceling, white noise, etc] that help me regulate my focus.
My productivity in the afternoon is much more consistent if I have time to work out on my lunch break.
Flexible schedules give me the freedom to manage my brain fog and still meet all my deadlines.
I’m very detail oriented, but ADHD does impair my memory. If I can take notes and have written instructions, then I stay much more organized.
Simply put, find ways to show them how helping you helps them get what they need too.
It also helps to keep your accommodation requests simple. It’s a common instinct for ADHD folk to explain in great detail, but that will work against you here. Asking for ADHD accommodations at work means proving that the requests are reasonable -- as in not a burden to the company. This is a very vague bar to clear, though. It often boils down to what the people involved in the decisions feel they’re capable of taking on. Most people have very little room left to take much on.
So, focus on ADHD accommodations for work that address several issues all at once, like remote work, decompression time, or flexible hours. Make your requests specific and succinct. That way you seem knowledgeable, practiced, and in charge of yourself. They’re just letting you do what you do best.
Want to learn more? Check out our complete guide to productivity and ADHD!
What is ADHD?
About Spectroomz - We Help Neurodivergents folks Get Qualified To More Work From Home Jobs. 
By: Vanessa Blanchard
ADHD is short for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. It’s a medical diagnosis that is given to a neurological and developmental condition. In the past, you could be diagnosed with either ADHD or ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder). Now, the diagnosis is limited to ADHD, but is divided into three categories:
Hyperactive ADHD
Inattentive ADHD without hyperactivity
Combination ADHD
There are some who consider ADHD to be a misnomer of sorts. First, how can a diagnosis with the word “hyperactivity” in its name present without said hyperactivity? That alone indicates that reconsideration might be needed with how this diagnosis is defined.
A second, slightly more pressing point made in the ADHD community is this: The diagnosis, and by extension how the symptoms are defined, has very negative connotations that don’t reflect ADHD experiences. Calling the disorder a deficit in attention is a great example to start with, because living with ADHD isn’t about being inattentive. ADHD causes a dysregulation in attention that can mean you can’t focus, but it also can mean that you hyperfocus so hard you can’t stop. Likewise, our distractibility is more like an abundance of focus that we struggle to regulate.
To explore this idea some more, let’s look at some of ADHD’s core symptoms, but this time through a slightly different lens than articles usually take.
Want to know which job is best for your type of ADHD? Check out our Best Jobs for ADHD quiz!
ADHD Symptoms
At its core, ADHD can be summed up in one word: dysregulation. Nearly all traits and symptoms of ADHD tie back to this core principle. To understand how that dysregulation works, let’s take a brief look at executive functioning.
Executive Dysfunction and ADHD
There are several areas of our brain that are responsible for coordinating what can be considered our executive functions. Executive functions are a person’s ability to do things like plan, organize, start, stop, and transition between tasks. Executive dysfunction is when these areas of the brain don’t coordinate these tasks. Many, if not most, of ADHD symptoms can be traced to executive dysfunction:
The inability to focus on certain tasks, especially ones that are boring or understimulating
Struggles to plan and organize things
Freezing up when making decisions
Difficulties in resisting distractions and/or redirecting attention after distractions
Challenges in regulating energy (i.e. hyperactivity) and emotions
An inability to stop working or otherwise disrupt momentum or “go mode”
Losing momentum in projects
Struggles to reorient yourself in tasks that are partially finished
Needing external pressure, like an emergency or a looming deadline, to work on something
Being unable to start no matter how hard you try or how much you want to do the thing
Losing your sense of time, struggling to manage time, or other aspects of time blindness
Dysregulation also explains other areas of functioning commonly impacted by ADHD, such as:
Sleep
Memory
Learning
Sensory processing
Dopamine (and other neurotransmitter) levels
Brain fog
Etc
ADHD symptoms vary person to person. But they also vary day to day within the same person. Again, this can be explained by the fact that dysregulation is inconsistent by nature.
Learn more about Executive Dysfunction’s role in productivity with our article:
The All-You-Need Guide to ADHD and Productivity at Work
Is ADHD a disability?
This is something that could be debated, but my personal answer is yes. ADHD is perhaps the most disabling force in my life. It’s tough to need to do something and to struggle with every single aspect of doing it. I’ve been in tears many times in my life, trying to force myself to do the thing. It feels like everything I do takes way more effort than other people seem to need. It can do a terrible number on your confidence and mental health to struggle against these dysregulated tides. In fact, research shows that ADHD symptoms are directly tied to an increase in suicidality.
What helps ADHD?
There are many things that can help and what works will depend on the person and the day. The inconsistent nature of symptoms, and the tendency to become desensitized by repetition, means that what works today might not work tomorrow. The best advice I’ve ever received was to have a collection of coping that I could rotate between based on what would take that day. Here are a few things that ADHDers can use to help their symptoms:
Medication - It’s often not enough to use coping, the neurological dysregulation we experience often needs medical support. There are stimulant and non stimulant forms of medication that help. Talk to your doctor about what would be best for you.
Focus Supports - Incorporating strategic sensory stimulation can reduce distractions and increase focus. Things like fidgets and standing desks can help regulate energy that might otherwise cause distractions. ASMR has been reported to slow down the background track of thoughts common in ADHD that pull at attention.
Self regulation skills - Any sort of skill-building that can help slow down your mind and regulate emotions (meditation, drawing, singing, hiking, etc). Pick what works best for you and practice regularly.
Executive Function Supports - Weekly check-ins, body doubles, visual planning, reminders/alarms, patient and student portals, etc. Anything that can take some pressure off the individual to manage all of their executive functioning internally.
If you want to learn more, check out our complete guide to ADHD and productivity. You can also talk to other ADHDers in our Discord community by subscribing to the Spectroomz Hub.
Ever wonder if it’s both Autism and ADHD? It just might be! Check out our article: AuDHD Explained: Navigating the Autism and ADHD Overlap
AuDHD: When It's ADHD and Autism
What does AuDHD mean?
The term AuDHD is a community-adapted label to signify that both Autism and ADHD are present in a person. The name is cute and catchy, but it also signifies how intertwined the two diagnoses can be. So far, it is not used in clinical settings.
Using AuDHD in social media profiles is meant as a sort of shorthand to introduce our neurological profiles to the community. It’s helpful because those with AuDHD neurology have distinct needs to those who rest more cleanly in ADHD or Autism ends of the spectrum.
What is AuDHD?
Like we said, those who find that their neurology contains both autism and ADHD often label themselves AuDHD. The overlap is surprisingly common. Research has found that 50% - 70% of Autistic people are also diagnosably ADHD.
This huge rate of co-occurrence between ADHD and Autism might be explained by a new theory that Autism, ADHD, and OCD might be part of the same neurotype. Research shows that all three have related genetic, biological, and structural features. This could explain why such strong overlaps in traits exist.
Yet, they aren’t exactly the same. For example, Autism and ADHD are lifelong issues, whereas OCD tends to develop later in childhood. There are also plenty of instances where just Autism or just ADHD are present.
Now, let’s look at a few examples of how traits of ADHD and Autism are distinct and how they can overlap.
AuDHD Symptoms
Understanding AuDHD symptoms can be tricky, because they tend to be the combination of traits that don’t seem compatible. Let’s look at a few common traits in Autism and ADHD and then see how they combine in AuDHD.
Common Autistic Symptoms
Autistic people prefer routines, consistency, and predictability. They’re more tolerant of repetitive tasks and are better able to stick to plans and routines. They tend to have a set of deep interests that they keep for long periods of time. Some common struggles are with unpredictability, transitions, uncertainty, and variations from routines.
Want to know what jobs are best for you as an Autistic person? Take our quiz!
Common ADHD Symptoms
In contrast, ADHDers tend to prefer novelty and find routines hard to maintain. They’ll thrive better in chaotic environments and tend to cope with uncertainty and certain types of transitions better. However, ADHDers find transitioning between tasks can be trickier, meaning they will struggle to finish things and can become unable to make decisions when overwhelmed. Boredom can be painful. So, they seek out stimulation more, and differently, than Autistic people do. For example, Autistic people might prefer to work alone, where ADHDers might focus better in a group or public setting.
Want to know what the best jobs are for your type of ADHD? We have a quiz for that too!
Common AuDHD Symptoms
AuDHD tends to bring an often conflicting combination of traits. AuDHD folks will crave routine but find their routines unravel very easily. They’ll crave novelty ye tfind uncertainty overwhelming. With AuDHD, you may be very sensory seeking but easily overwhelmed.
These conflicting needs make it possible for AuDHD people to be their own source of uncertainty and overwhelm, often directly because of their best intentions. Here are a few examples of this in practice:
Using ASMR to focus (ADHD need), then finding themselves close to meltdown from sensory overwhelm (Autism).
Needing structure from a job to provide routine (Autism) and then getting too bored to tolerate repetitive tasks (ADHD). Or...
Preferring newness and project based work (ADHD), but also needing repetitive tasks to anchor themselves in a routine (Autism).
Benefiting from how work or school externalizes some of the burden for executive functioning (ADHD) but becoming overwhelmed by the sensory demands of collective workspaces (Autism).
Commonalities in Autism, ADHD, and AUDHD
There are a few things that connect all three categories of symptoms, regardless of where you fall in the spectrum:
The Science - Like we said above, research shows that there are meaningful connections between ADHD, Autism, and AuDHD on genetic and biological levels. All three present in the same structures of the brain. For example, all three impact the limbic system, which is where we process learning, memory, emotions, and sensory information.
Executive Dysfunction - Another commonality to be found is that all three impact executive functioning in some way. Autism and ADHD show different presentations of executive dysfunction, but both come with some impact to it. Autistic people will maintain some executive functioning while struggling in other areas. ADHD seems to come with a much more complete dysregulation to this system. AuDHD creates further complications, as certain coping skills that might help Autism or ADHD individually won’t work on combined symptoms. We strongly advise looking into executive dysfunction if you think you’re dealing with Autism and/or ADHD.
The need for support - Needs will vary from person to person, especially with strong overlapping and contrasting traits being so common. However, most people will need support for at least some aspects of ADHD and Autism. Some common needs will include sensory accommodations, executive functioning support, some forms of medication, social support, school and employment support, and daily living support (i.e. cleaning, cooking, transportation, etc)
Learn more about Executive Dysfunction’s role in ADHD here.
How do I know if it’s Autism, ADHD, or AuDHD?
There’s no one set path to learning this information. Often, someone is diagnosed with either ADHD or Autism first. As they adjust to their new understanding of themselves, there are usually a few traits or symptoms that aren’t fully accounted for. Thus, a secondary diagnosis is often discovered.
One way that you can untangle all of this information is to look into the experiences of other Autistic and ADHD folks. Personal stories can give us the vocabulary we need to understand and express ourselves better. Find people who have experiences you relate to and people who have experiences you don’t relate to. See all the different ways that symptoms and traits overlap, combine, and interact. This will help you determine whether or not AuDHD is the answer for you.
Want to help your employer accommodate you better? Send them this!